por ser las usadas en el propio pa\u00eds<\/strong>\u00a0y, mayoritariamente, en el resto de Hispanoam\u00e9rica”, explica la RAE.<\/p>\nEn 2001 fue cuando\u00a0la instituci\u00f3n estableci\u00f3 la recomendaci\u00f3n de que se escriba con x: M\u00e9xico.<\/strong><\/p>\n\u00bfPero por qu\u00e9 M\u00e9xico se escribe con equis y no con jota, como resultar\u00eda m\u00e1s natural dado el sonido de la palabra?<\/h3>\n
“Lo que debe saberse es que es un asunto casi de identidad nacional por los or\u00edgenes de esto”, se\u00f1ala Juan Nadal<\/strong>, doctor en Filolog\u00eda de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM)<\/strong>.<\/p>\nPero principalmente se debe a\u00a0c\u00f3mo era el castellano que se hablaba a principios del siglo XVI<\/strong>,\u00a0<\/strong>cuando se dio la conquista de la naci\u00f3n azteca (o mexica, para ser m\u00e1s precisos).<\/p>\nEl top\u00f3nimo\u00a0“M\u00e9xico”\u00a0<\/strong>tiene su origen en<\/strong>\u00a0la<\/strong>\u00a0lengua n\u00e1huatl\u00a0<\/strong>hablada por los aztecas fundadores de la naci\u00f3n prehisp\u00e1nica.<\/p>\nEl significado de la palabra “M\u00e9xico” quiere decir “lugar en el ombligo de la Luna”. El vocablo “metzi” significa “luna”, “xictli” es “ombligo o centro”, y “co” es el sufijo n\u00e1huatl para “lugar”. Los aztecas fundaron lo que hoy es M\u00e9xico en el lago de Texcoco, llamado “lago de la luna”.<\/p>\n
Pronunciado en nuestro espa\u00f1ol actual sonar\u00eda como “M\u00e9shico”, es decir, el sonido de la equis ser\u00eda \/sh\/.<\/strong>“En el espa\u00f1ol antiguo o castellano medieval exist\u00eda lo que se conoce como el sonido fricativo prepalatal sordo, que es el sonido \/sh\/”, explica el fil\u00f3logo Juan Nadal.<\/p>\nEl rey Alfonso X de Castilla, llamado “El Sabio”<\/strong>, estableci\u00f3 la Norma Alfons\u00ed<\/strong> de la escritura en el siglo XII que establec\u00eda que\u00a0el sonido \/sh\/ deb\u00eda escribirse con equis<\/strong>.<\/p>\nCuando llegaron los conquistadores espa\u00f1oles, a principios del siglo XVI, trataron de adaptar los sonidos del n\u00e1huatl al castellano de esa \u00e9poca y usaron la Norma Alfons\u00ed para “M\u00e9shico”, es decir, Mexico (en ese tiempo sin tilde).<\/p>\n
\u00bfCu\u00e1ndo se convierte en “M\u00e9jico”?<\/h3>\n
Ya desde el mismo siglo XVI de la conquista de M\u00e9xico (1521),\u00a0el castellano estaba perdiendo el sonido fricativo prepalatal sordo \/sh\/\u00a0<\/strong>y en el siglo XVII termin\u00f3 por desaparecer.<\/p>\nSon pocas las palabras de nuestro idioma que a\u00fan tienen ese sonido, muchas de las cuales proceden de otras lenguas que s\u00ed lo tienen, como el ingl\u00e9s, el portugu\u00e9s o el franc\u00e9s.<\/p>\n
Paralelamente exist\u00eda el\u00a0sonido fricativo velar sordo<\/strong>, que es el que se escucha en\u00a0la jota o con la ge.<\/strong><\/p>\n“En el siglo XVII ya nadie pronunciaba el \/sh\/ en espa\u00f1ol, por eso es que en ese siglo ya todo mundo dec\u00eda M\u00e9xico (con el sonido de la j)”, dice Nadal.<\/p>\n
La RAE estableci\u00f3 en 1815 la Ortograf\u00eda de la Lengua Castellana en la que\u00a0instruy\u00f3 que todas las palabras que se escrib\u00edan con equis y que se pronunciaban con \/j\/ deb\u00edan ahora escribirse con jota, y ya no con equis.<\/strong><\/p>\nMuchos nombres de lugares de M\u00e9xico tienen origen en las lenguas prehisp\u00e1nicas y aquella imposici\u00f3n de la RAE sobre su escritura no fue bien recibida.<\/p>\n
“Se convirti\u00f3 esto en pr\u00e1cticamente en una cuesti\u00f3n de identidad nacional<\/strong>, porque adem\u00e1s coincidi\u00f3 con la lucha por la Independencia (1810-1821). Pero la RAE<\/strong> se mantuvo firme en eso durante todo el siglo XIX y durante casi todo el XX”, explica Nadal<\/strong>.<\/p>\nEn el siglo XIX se fundan las Academias de la Lengua de las naciones de Am\u00e9rica Latina, las cuales eran las que dictaban la norma dentro de estos pa\u00edses.<\/p>\n
“Por supuesto la academia mexicana jam\u00e1s, jam\u00e1s, jam\u00e1s ha admitido que M\u00e9xico se escribe con jota”, enfatiza Nadal.<\/p>\n
Fuente:\u00a0 El Universal<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A pesar de que el nombre de este pa\u00eds se ha escrito en espa\u00f1ol con “x” durante cinco siglos, desde que los conquistadores se establecieron en Am\u00e9rica, muchos hispanohablantes a\u00fan lo escriben con “j”. La propia Real Academia Espa\u00f1ola (RAE), en su Diccionario Panhisp\u00e1nico de Dudas, dice que\u00a0a\u00fan\u00a0es v\u00e1lido escribir “M\u00e9jico” o “mejicano”. “En Espa\u00f1a, las graf\u00edas usuales hasta no hace mucho eran M\u00e9jico, mejicano, etc. Aunque son tambi\u00e9n correctas las formas con\u00a0j,\u00a0se recomiendan las graf\u00edas con\u00a0x\u00a0por ser las usadas en el propio pa\u00eds\u00a0y, mayoritariamente, en el resto de Hispanoam\u00e9rica”, explica la RAE. En 2001 fue cuando\u00a0la instituci\u00f3n estableci\u00f3 la<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6963,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[578,1239],"class_list":["post-6962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ay-goeeee","tag-mexico","tag-ortografia"],"yoast_head":"\n
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